Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Техника и технология пищевых производств 2074-9414 2313-1748 111084 10.21603/2074-9414-2025-4-2615 KZNVUC ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ ORIGINAL ARTICLE ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ Cytotoxic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Properties of Eastern Baltic Plant Extracts Цитотоксические, антиоксидантные и антибактериальные свойства экстрактов растений Восточной Прибалтики https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7910-8388 Сухих Станислав Алексеевич Sukhikh Stanislav A. stas-asp@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1252-9572 Иванова Светлана Анатольевна Ivanova Svetlana A. pavvm2000@mail.ru

доктор технических наук;

doctor of technical sciences;

 Бахтиярова Алина Халимовна Bakhtiyarova Alina Kh. Пшеничников Станислав Евгеньевич Pshenichnikov Stanislav E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6369-2118 Левада Екатерина Викторовна Levada Kateryna V. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-8997 Бабич Ольга Олеговна Babich Olga O. olich.43@mail.ru Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation Кемеровский государственный университет Россия Kemerovo State University Russian Federation Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation 25 12 2025 25 12 2025 55 4 903 917 06 10 2025 11 11 2025 https://fptt.ru/en/issues/24078/24118/

Растительные экстракты являются перспективным источником новых лекарственных средств и альтернативных методов лечения. Цель данного исследования – изучить антиоксидантные и антибактериальные свойства водно-спиртовых экстрактов восточно-балтийских растений, а также их влияние на клетки крови человека. Наземные части солодки голой (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.), ивы белой (Salix alba L.), и синяка обыкновенного (Echium vulgare L.) собраны в Калининградской области (Россия). Фитохимический состав растительных экстрактов, полученных из данного растительного материала, изучался методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии (ВЭЖХ). Биологическая активность и антибактериальное действие описывались методами спектрофотометрии и диско-диффузии соответственно. Цитотоксичность экстрактов изучена с помощью колориметрического анализа WST-1. Доказано наличие в экстрактах фенольных соединений. Антиоксидантная активность экстрактов S. alba оказалась в четыре раза выше, чем у G. glabra, и более чем в семь раз превышала антиоксидантную активность экстрактов E. vulgare. Экстракты G. glabra подавляли рост как грамположительных, так и грамотрицательных бактерий, а образцы экстракта E. vulgare оказались эффективны только в отношении грамотрицательных бактерий. S. alba и E. vulgare оказались способны снижать жизнеспособность клеток Т-лимфобластного лейкоза человека (Jurkat) и мононуклеарных клеток крови. Экстракты G. glabra, S. Alba, и E. vulgare могут быть рекомендованы к использованию в области биомедицины. Требуется более подробное изучение для внедрения их в официальную медицину в качестве терапевтических и профилактических средств.

Plant extracts are a source of new drugs and alternative therapies. This article describes the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of aqueous methanol extracts of Eastern Baltic Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Salix alba L., and Echium vulgare L., as well as their effects on the viability of human blood cells. The aerial parts of the plants were harvested in the Kaliningrad Region, Russia. The phytochemical composition of their plant extracts was studied by the method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The bioactive profile and antibacterial action were described using the methods of spectrophotometry and disk diffusion, respectively. Cytotoxicity of extracts was studied by WST-1 colorimetric analysis. The extracts proved to contain phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity of the S. alba extracts was four times higher than that of G. glabra and more than seven times higher than that of E. vulgare. The G. glabra extracts were active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria while the E. vulgare extract samples inhibited Gram-negative bacteria only. As for cytotoxicity, S. alba and E. vulgare were able to reduce the viability of human T-lymphoblastic leukemia (Jurkat) cells and human blood mononuclear cells. The extracts of G. glabra, S. alba, and E. vulgare demonstrated good prospects for biomedicine. Further detailed research may result in their eventual introduction into official medicine as potent therapeutic and preventive agents.

 Растения Glycyrrhiza glabra Salix alba Echium vulgare водно-спиртовых экстрактов свободные радикалы Plants Glycyrrhiza glabra Salix alba Echium vulgare aqueous methanol extract free radicals Исследование выполнено при поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (Соглашение № 075-15-2025-675, доб. № 13.2251.21.0299 от 20 августа 2025 г.): Функциональные продукты питания с комбинированным антиоксидантным и омолаживающим действием. The research was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Agreement No. 075-15-2025-675, ext. No. 13.2251.21.0299, August 20, 2025): Functional foods with combined antioxidant and antiaging effects.

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