<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Foods and Raw Materials</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Foods and Raw Materials</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Foods and Raw Materials</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2308-4057</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2310-9599</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">90010</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/2308-4057-2025-2-641</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Research Article</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Research Article</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Research Article</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Physicochemical, rheological, and microbiological properties of honey-fortified probiotic drinkable yogurt</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Physicochemical, rheological, and microbiological properties of honey-fortified probiotic drinkable yogurt</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5090-8151</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Albay</surname>
       <given-names>Zehra </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Albay</surname>
       <given-names>Zehra </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>zehraalbay32@gmail.com</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0769-299X</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Celebi</surname>
       <given-names>Mehmet </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Celebi</surname>
       <given-names>Mehmet </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7497-1542</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Simsek</surname>
       <given-names>Bedia </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Simsek</surname>
       <given-names>Bedia </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Süleyman Demirel University</institution>
     <city>Isparta</city>
     <country>Турция</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Süleyman Demirel University</institution>
     <city>Isparta</city>
     <country>Turkey</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Aydin Adnan Menderes University</institution>
     <city>Aydin</city>
     <country>Турция</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Aydin Adnan Menderes University</institution>
     <city>Aydin</city>
     <country>Turkey</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Süleyman Demirel University</institution>
     <city>Isparta</city>
     <country>Турция</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Süleyman Demirel University</institution>
     <city>Isparta</city>
     <country>Turkey</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-01-01T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>01</day>
    <month>01</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-01-01T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>01</day>
    <month>01</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>13</volume>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>320</fpage>
   <lpage>329</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-16T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>16</day>
     <month>10</month>
     <year>2023</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-01-09T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>09</day>
     <month>01</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://jfrm.ru/en/issues/22898/22952/">https://jfrm.ru/en/issues/22898/22952/</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical, rheological, and microbiological attributes of drinkable yogurts prepared  with three distinct types of honey (flower, pine, and thyme) in amounts of 10 and 20% and probiotic cultures (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp.).&#13;
The control sample was brighter while the yogurt containing 20% pine honey was more yellow during storage (21 days). The samples’ serum separation quantities rose together with the honey ratio. All the honey-fortified drinkable yogurts were found to be non-Newtonian pseudoplastic liquids that are thixotropic. However, as the honey ratio increased, the apparent viscosity and consistency coefficients increased, too. After 21 days of storage, L. acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp. counts rose to more than 5.0 log CFU/mL in the experimental yogurts containing honey (except for the sample with 20% flower honey). The panelists preferred the 10% honey-fortified drinkable yogurts over the others. The yogurts with flower honey were mostly favored, followed by pine and thyme honeys. Although honey contributed to the properties of drinkable yogurt, adding more than 10% of honey degraded the product’s quality and acceptability. &#13;
In conclusion, 10% is an optimal amount for flower and pine honey, with a smaller amount recommended for thyme honey. More research is needed on honey-fortified drinkable yogurt for its commercial production.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical, rheological, and microbiological attributes of drinkable yogurts prepared  with three distinct types of honey (flower, pine, and thyme) in amounts of 10 and 20% and probiotic cultures (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp.).&#13;
The control sample was brighter while the yogurt containing 20% pine honey was more yellow during storage (21 days). The samples’ serum separation quantities rose together with the honey ratio. All the honey-fortified drinkable yogurts were found to be non-Newtonian pseudoplastic liquids that are thixotropic. However, as the honey ratio increased, the apparent viscosity and consistency coefficients increased, too. After 21 days of storage, L. acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp. counts rose to more than 5.0 log CFU/mL in the experimental yogurts containing honey (except for the sample with 20% flower honey). The panelists preferred the 10% honey-fortified drinkable yogurts over the others. The yogurts with flower honey were mostly favored, followed by pine and thyme honeys. Although honey contributed to the properties of drinkable yogurt, adding more than 10% of honey degraded the product’s quality and acceptability. &#13;
In conclusion, 10% is an optimal amount for flower and pine honey, with a smaller amount recommended for thyme honey. More research is needed on honey-fortified drinkable yogurt for its commercial production.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>Drinkable yogurt</kwd>
    <kwd>flower honey</kwd>
    <kwd>pine honey</kwd>
    <kwd>thyme honey</kwd>
    <kwd>functional foods</kwd>
    <kwd>dairy drinks</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>Drinkable yogurt</kwd>
    <kwd>flower honey</kwd>
    <kwd>pine honey</kwd>
    <kwd>thyme honey</kwd>
    <kwd>functional foods</kwd>
    <kwd>dairy drinks</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">This study was financially supported by the Süleyman Demirel University’s Scientific Research Project Coordination Unit through Project No. BAP-4607-YL1-16.</funding-statement>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was financially supported by the Süleyman Demirel University’s Scientific Research Project Coordination Unit through Project No. BAP-4607-YL1-16.</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prokisch J, Badgar K, El-Ramady H. Fortification of functional foods for human health: A case study of honey and yogurt for diabetes. Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security. 2021;5:331–340. https://doi.org/10.21608/jenvbs.2021.110812.1154</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prokisch J, Badgar K, El-Ramady H. Fortification of functional foods for human health: A case study of honey and yogurt for diabetes. Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security. 2021;5:331–340. https://doi.org/10.21608/jenvbs.2021.110812.1154</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abdolmaleki F, Rezaei Mokarram R, Daneshniya M, Maleki MH. Iranian grape syrup used as a prebiotic and its effect on the physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of probiotic yogurt. Foods and Raw Materials. 2025;13(1):202–210. https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2025-1-634</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abdolmaleki F, Rezaei Mokarram R, Daneshniya M, Maleki MH. Iranian grape syrup used as a prebiotic and its effect on the physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of probiotic yogurt. Foods and Raw Materials. 2025;13(1):202–210. https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2025-1-634</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jafarpour D, Amirzadeh A, Maleki M, Mahmoudi MR. Comparison of physicochemical properties and general acceptance of flavored drinking yogurt containing date and fig syrups. Foods and Raw Materials. 2017;5(2):36–43. https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2017-2-36-43</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jafarpour D, Amirzadeh A, Maleki M, Mahmoudi MR. Comparison of physicochemical properties and general acceptance of flavored drinking yogurt containing date and fig syrups. Foods and Raw Materials. 2017;5(2):36–43. https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2017-2-36-43</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sarhir ST, Amanpour A, Selli S. Characterization of Ayran aroma active compounds by solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (GC-MS-O) and aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). Analytical Letters. 2019;52(13):2077–2091. https://doi.org/10.1080/00032719.2019.1594244</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sarhir ST, Amanpour A, Selli S. Characterization of Ayran aroma active compounds by solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (GC-MS-O) and aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). Analytical Letters. 2019;52(13):2077–2091. https://doi.org/10.1080/00032719.2019.1594244</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baskar N, Varadharajan S, Rameshbabu M, Ayyasamy S, Velusamy S. Development of plantbased yogurt. Foods and Raw Materials. 2022;10(2):274–282. https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2022-2-537</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baskar N, Varadharajan S, Rameshbabu M, Ayyasamy S, Velusamy S. Development of plantbased yogurt. Foods and Raw Materials. 2022;10(2):274–282. https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2022-2-537</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">López‐Prieto A, Rodríguez‐López L, Rincón‐Fontán M, Moldes AB, Cruz JM. Effect of biosurfactant extract obtained from the corn‐milling industry on probiotic bacteria in drinkable yogurt. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2018;99:824–830. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9251</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">López‐Prieto A, Rodríguez‐López L, Rincón‐Fontán M, Moldes AB, Cruz JM. Effect of biosurfactant extract obtained from the corn‐milling industry on probiotic bacteria in drinkable yogurt. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2018;99:824–830. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9251</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sibirtsev VS, Kuzmin AG, Titov YuA, Zaitseva AYu, Sherstnev VV. Gas mass spectrometry of industrial yogurts. Food Processing: Techniques and Technology. 2024;54(2):285–297. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2024-2-2507</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sibirtsev VS, Kuzmin AG, Titov YuA, Zaitseva AYu, Sherstnev VV. Gas mass spectrometry of industrial yogurts. Food Processing: Techniques and Technology. 2024;54(2):285–297. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2024-2-2507</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Albay Z. The effect of inulin and wheat fiber addition to low-fat milk on some properties of probiotic Tulum cheese. PhD Thesis. Isparta: Süleyman Demirel University; 2022. 307 p.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Albay Z. The effect of inulin and wheat fiber addition to low-fat milk on some properties of probiotic Tulum cheese. PhD Thesis. Isparta: Süleyman Demirel University; 2022. 307 p.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coskun F, Karabulut Dirican L. Effects of pine honey on the physicochemical, mirobiological and sensory properties of probiotic yoghurt. Food Science and Technology. 2019;39(Suppl.2):616–625. https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.24818</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coskun F, Karabulut Dirican L. Effects of pine honey on the physicochemical, mirobiological and sensory properties of probiotic yoghurt. Food Science and Technology. 2019;39(Suppl.2):616–625. https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.24818</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kostenko O. Beekeeping and honey production in Russia. BIO Web of Conferences. 2022;48:02007. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20224802007</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kostenko O. Beekeeping and honey production in Russia. BIO Web of Conferences. 2022;48:02007. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20224802007</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karaçelik AA, Sahin H. Determination of enzyme inhibition and antioxidant activity in some chestnut honeys. Foods and Raw Materials. 2018;6(1):210–218. https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2018-1-210-218</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karaçelik AA, Sahin H. Determination of enzyme inhibition and antioxidant activity in some chestnut honeys. Foods and Raw Materials. 2018;6(1):210–218. https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2018-1-210-218</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sánchez-Martín V, Morales P, González-Porto AV, Iriondo-DeHond A, López-Parra MB, Del Castillo MD, et al. Enhancement of the antioxidant capacity of thyme and chestnut honey by addition of bee products. Foods. 2022;11(19):3118. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11193118</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sánchez-Martín V, Morales P, González-Porto AV, Iriondo-DeHond A, López-Parra MB, Del Castillo MD, et al. Enhancement of the antioxidant capacity of thyme and chestnut honey by addition of bee products. Foods. 2022;11(19):3118. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11193118</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oroian M. Measurement, prediction and correlation of density, viscosity, surface tension and ultrasonic velocity of different honey types at different temperatures. Journal of Food Engineering. 2013;119(1):167–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.05.029</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oroian M. Measurement, prediction and correlation of density, viscosity, surface tension and ultrasonic velocity of different honey types at different temperatures. Journal of Food Engineering. 2013;119(1):167–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.05.029</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Machado TADG, de Oliveira MEG, Campos MIF, de Assis POA, de Souza EL, Madruga MS, et al. Impact of honey on quality characteristics of goat yogurt containing probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus. LWT. 2017;80:221–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2017.02.013</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Machado TADG, de Oliveira MEG, Campos MIF, de Assis POA, de Souza EL, Madruga MS, et al. Impact of honey on quality characteristics of goat yogurt containing probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus. LWT. 2017;80:221–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2017.02.013</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Silici S, Sagdic O, Ekici L. Total phenolic content, antiradical, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Rhododendron honeys. Food Chemistry. 2010;121(1):238–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.11.078</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Silici S, Sagdic O, Ekici L. Total phenolic content, antiradical, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Rhododendron honeys. Food Chemistry. 2010;121(1):238–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.11.078</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 16th Edition. Washington: AOAC; 1997.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 16th Edition. Washington: AOAC; 1997.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B17">
    <label>17.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ozunlu TB, Kocak C, Aydemir S. Factors affecting the stability of ayran. Ankara: Food Technology Association; 2007. (In Turkish).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ozunlu TB, Kocak C, Aydemir S. Factors affecting the stability of ayran. Ankara: Food Technology Association; 2007. (In Turkish).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B18">
    <label>18.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meals SE, Schiano AN, Drake MA. Drivers of liking for Cheddar cheese shreds. Journal of Dairy Science. 2020;103(3):2167–2185. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-16911</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meals SE, Schiano AN, Drake MA. Drivers of liking for Cheddar cheese shreds. Journal of Dairy Science. 2020;103(3):2167–2185. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-16911</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B19">
    <label>19.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akgun A, Yazici F, Gulec HA. Effect of reduced fat content on the physicochemical and microbiological properties of buffalo milk yoghurt. LWT. 2016;74:521–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2016.08.015</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akgun A, Yazici F, Gulec HA. Effect of reduced fat content on the physicochemical and microbiological properties of buffalo milk yoghurt. LWT. 2016;74:521–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2016.08.015</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B20">
    <label>20.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gocer EMC, Ergin F, Kücükcetin IO, Kücükcetin A. In vitro gastrointestinal resistance of Lactobacillus acidophilus in some dairy products. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 2021;52:2319–2334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-021-00590-4</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gocer EMC, Ergin F, Kücükcetin IO, Kücükcetin A. In vitro gastrointestinal resistance of Lactobacillus acidophilus in some dairy products. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 2021;52:2319–2334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-021-00590-4</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B21">
    <label>21.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fathy HM, Abd El-Maksoud AA, Cheng W, Elshaghabee FMF. Value-added utilization of citrus peels in improving functional properties and probiotic viability of Acidophilus-bifidus-thermophilus (ABT)-type synbiotic yoghurt during cold storage. Foods. 2022;11(17):2677. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11172677</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fathy HM, Abd El-Maksoud AA, Cheng W, Elshaghabee FMF. Value-added utilization of citrus peels in improving functional properties and probiotic viability of Acidophilus-bifidus-thermophilus (ABT)-type synbiotic yoghurt during cold storage. Foods. 2022;11(17):2677. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11172677</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B22">
    <label>22.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma S, Sekhon AS, Unger P, Lampien A, Galland AT, Bhavnani K, et al. Impact of ultrafine bubbles on the survivability of probiotics in fermented milks. International Dairy Journal. 2023;140:105591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2023.105591</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharma S, Sekhon AS, Unger P, Lampien A, Galland AT, Bhavnani K, et al. Impact of ultrafine bubbles on the survivability of probiotics in fermented milks. International Dairy Journal. 2023;140:105591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2023.105591</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B23">
    <label>23.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Güllü M, Beyaz D, Demirpençe H. Determination of chemical and microbiological quality of strained yoghurt samples marketed in Aydın Province. Animal Health Production and Hygiene. 2023;12(2):13–19. https://doi.org/10.53913/aduveterinary.1297717</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Güllü M, Beyaz D, Demirpençe H. Determination of chemical and microbiological quality of strained yoghurt samples marketed in Aydın Province. Animal Health Production and Hygiene. 2023;12(2):13–19. https://doi.org/10.53913/aduveterinary.1297717</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B24">
    <label>24.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Astawan M, Wresdiyati T, Suliantari, Arief II, Septiawan R. Production of synbiotic yogurt-like using indigenous lactic acid bacteria as functional food. Media Peternakan. 2012;35(1):9–14. https://doi.org/10.5398/medpet.2012.35.1.9</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Astawan M, Wresdiyati T, Suliantari, Arief II, Septiawan R. Production of synbiotic yogurt-like using indigenous lactic acid bacteria as functional food. Media Peternakan. 2012;35(1):9–14. https://doi.org/10.5398/medpet.2012.35.1.9</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B25">
    <label>25.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akarca G, Denizkara AJ. Changes of quality in yoghurt produced under magnetic field effect during fermentation and storage processes. International Dairy Journal. 2024;150:105841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2023.105841</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akarca G, Denizkara AJ. Changes of quality in yoghurt produced under magnetic field effect during fermentation and storage processes. International Dairy Journal. 2024;150:105841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2023.105841</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B26">
    <label>26.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yazıcıoğlu Y, Erdoğan S. SPSS applied scientific research methods. Detay; 2011. (In Turkish).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yazıcıoğlu Y, Erdoğan S. SPSS applied scientific research methods. Detay; 2011. (In Turkish).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B27">
    <label>27.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Polat G. Determination of the rheological, physicochemical characteristics and mineral contents of different floral honeys obtained from different locations. Master Thesis. Konya: Selçuk University; 2007. 51 p.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Polat G. Determination of the rheological, physicochemical characteristics and mineral contents of different floral honeys obtained from different locations. Master Thesis. Konya: Selçuk University; 2007. 51 p.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B28">
    <label>28.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Durmuş R. Determination of glass transition temperature and some physicochemical properties of several honeys produced my country. Master Thesis. Erzurum: Ataturk University; 2013. 57 p.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Durmuş R. Determination of glass transition temperature and some physicochemical properties of several honeys produced my country. Master Thesis. Erzurum: Ataturk University; 2013. 57 p.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B29">
    <label>29.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Özünlü TB. Studies on some parameters affecting the quality of Ayran (drinking yoghurt). Ph.D. Thesis. Ankara: Ankara University; 2005. 127 p.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Özünlü TB. Studies on some parameters affecting the quality of Ayran (drinking yoghurt). Ph.D. Thesis. Ankara: Ankara University; 2005. 127 p.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B30">
    <label>30.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mercan E. Determination of changes on some physicochemical and microbiological properties of set type yogurt produced from using different origins honeys during refrigerated storage. Master Thesis. Konya: Selçuk University; 2013. 85 p.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mercan E. Determination of changes on some physicochemical and microbiological properties of set type yogurt produced from using different origins honeys during refrigerated storage. Master Thesis. Konya: Selçuk University; 2013. 85 p.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B31">
    <label>31.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dogan M. Rheological behaviour and physicochemical properties of kefir with honey. Journal für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit. 2011;6:327–332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00003-010-0643-6</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dogan M. Rheological behaviour and physicochemical properties of kefir with honey. Journal für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit. 2011;6:327–332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00003-010-0643-6</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B32">
    <label>32.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Şanlı T. A Study on some properties of Ayrans produced from milk, the protein of which is modified by transglutaminase enzyme. Ph.D. Thesis: Ankara University; 2009. 114 p.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Şanlı T. A Study on some properties of Ayrans produced from milk, the protein of which is modified by transglutaminase enzyme. Ph.D. Thesis: Ankara University; 2009. 114 p.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B33">
    <label>33.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nosrat S. Salt, fat, acid, heat: Mastering the elements of good cooking. New York: Simon and Schuster; 2017. 469 p.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nosrat S. Salt, fat, acid, heat: Mastering the elements of good cooking. New York: Simon and Schuster; 2017. 469 p.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B34">
    <label>34.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chapagain K, Karki TB, Ojha P. Development and quality assessment of functional probiotic yoghurt drink from sweet cream buttermilk. Journal of Food Science and Technology Nepal. 2013;8:52–59. https://doi.org/10.3126/jfstn.v8i0.11750</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chapagain K, Karki TB, Ojha P. Development and quality assessment of functional probiotic yoghurt drink from sweet cream buttermilk. Journal of Food Science and Technology Nepal. 2013;8:52–59. https://doi.org/10.3126/jfstn.v8i0.11750</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B35">
    <label>35.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karadal F, Yıldırım Y. The quiality parameters and nutritional and health effect of honey. Journal of The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Erciyes University. 2012;9(3):197–209. (In Turkish).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karadal F, Yıldırım Y. The quiality parameters and nutritional and health effect of honey. Journal of The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Erciyes University. 2012;9(3):197–209. (In Turkish).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B36">
    <label>36.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">İnce YN. Determination of some properties in drinkable yogurt (Ayran) produced with different floral sources of honey. Master Thesis. Isparta: Suleyman Demirel University; 2019. 92 p.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">İnce YN. Determination of some properties in drinkable yogurt (Ayran) produced with different floral sources of honey. Master Thesis. Isparta: Suleyman Demirel University; 2019. 92 p.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B37">
    <label>37.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">İnce YN, Çelebi M, Şimşek B. Some chemical and sensory properties of Ayran produced by adding honeydew honey and flower honey. OKU Journal of The Institute of Science and Technology. 2022;5(3):1407–1418.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">İnce YN, Çelebi M, Şimşek B. Some chemical and sensory properties of Ayran produced by adding honeydew honey and flower honey. OKU Journal of The Institute of Science and Technology. 2022;5(3):1407–1418.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B38">
    <label>38.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fiorda FA, de Melo Pereira GV, Thomaz-Soccol V, Medeiros AP, Rakshit SK, Soccol CR. Development of kefir-based probiotic beverages with DNA protection and antioxidant activities using soybean hydrolyzed extract, colostrum and honey. LWT – Food Science and Technology. 2016;68:690–697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2016.01.003</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fiorda FA, de Melo Pereira GV, Thomaz-Soccol V, Medeiros AP, Rakshit SK, Soccol CR. Development of kefir-based probiotic beverages with DNA protection and antioxidant activities using soybean hydrolyzed extract, colostrum and honey. LWT – Food Science and Technology. 2016;68:690–697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2016.01.003</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
