Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Food Processing: Techniques and Technology Техника и технология пищевых производств 2074-9414 2313-1748 92204 10.21603/2074-9414-2024-4-2534 ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ ORIGINAL ARTICLE ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ Evaluating Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of in vitro Callus and Micro-Plant Extracts of Hyssopus officinalis L. Оценка содержания вторичных метаболитов и антиоксидантной активности экстрактов каллусных культур и микрорастений in vitro Hyssopus officinalis L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-3823 Попова Елена Александровна Popova Elena A. elena_popova97@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8374-3907 Пунгин Артем Викторович Pungin Artem V. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5907-290X Пантюхина Анастасия Павловна Pantyukhina Anastasia P. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8030-3068 Кроль Олеся Владимировна Krol Olesya V. Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта Калининград Россия Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russian Federation 24 12 2024 24 12 2024 54 4 658 674 08 04 2024 04 06 2024 https://fptt.ru/en/issues/23109/23115/

Hyssopus officinalis L. – ценное лекарственное растение, экстракты которого обладают рядом биологически активных эффектов и перспективны для использования в различных отраслях промышленности. Актуальным является использование биотехнологических методов получения важных вторичных метаболитов, например с применением каллусных культур. Важным вопросом остается соответствие культур по качественному и количественному содержанию целевых веществ. Целью данного исследования являлась сравнительная оценка накопления вторичных метаболитов фенольной природы, антиоксидантной и антимикробной активности экстрактов трех каллусных культур, нативных растений, микрорастений in vitro и коммерческого препарата H. officinalis. Экстракты исследуемых объектов были получены с использованием 70 % этанола. Содержание фенольных соединений, флавоноидов, гидроксикоричных кислот, танинов определяли по стандартным методикам. Определение содержания отдельных фенольных соединений проводили методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии. Антиоксидантную активность определяли с использованием трех методов (DPPH, FRAP и ABTS). Оценку антимикробной и фунгицидной активности проводили диско-диффузионным методом. Высокий индекс роста сырой биомассы каллусов (11,6 ± 1,4) наблюдали на среде Мурасиге-Скуга с добавлением 0,2 мг/л 6-бензиламинопурина и 1 мг/л 2,4-Д (MS-6). Культура MS-6, по сравнению с остальными исследуемыми объектами, отличалась высоким содержанием фенольных соединений (35,5 ± 1,2 мг-экв. галловой кислоты/г сухой массы), гидроксикоричных кислот (82,5 ± 2,6 мг-экв. розмариновой кислоты/г сухой массы), танинов (49,6 ± 0,8 мг-экв. галловой кислоты/г сухой массы), розмариновой (20,25 ± 1,84 мг/г сухой массы) и кофейной (1,48 ± 0,08 мг/г сухой массы) кислот. Экстракты данной культуры показали значительную антиоксидантную активность согласно методу DPPH (127,8 ± 5,6 мг-экв. аскорбиновой кислоты/г сухой массы) и FRAP (15,9 ± 1,3 мг-экв. аскорбиновой кислоты/г сухой массы), а также слабую антибактериальную и фунгицидную активность при концентрации экстракта 2 мг/диск в отношении Bacillus subtilis (7,2 ± 0,2 мм), Candida albicans (7,0 ± 0,2 мм) и при концентрации экстракта 1 мг/диск (7,0 ± 0,3 мм) и 2 мг/диск (7,3 ± 0,1 мм) в отношении Escherichia coli. Исследуемые экстракты каллусных культур H. officinalis и микрорастений in vitro в сравнении с экстрактом нативного растения показали наилучший выход вторичных метаболитов, что доказывает перспективность применения биотехнологического метода получения из клеточных культур ценных соединений.

Hyssopus officinalis L. is a valuable medicinal plant. Its extracts have good commercial prospects as biologically active substances. Biotechnological production methods that yield valuable secondary metabolites often involve callus cultures, which differ in qualitative and quantitative content of target substances. This research compared phenolic secondary metabolites, antioxidants, and antimicrobial activities in extracts of three callus cultures in vitro, native plants, micro-plants and a commercial preparation of H. officinalis. The extracts were obtained using 70% ethanol. The content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, and tannins was determined by standard methods. The method of high-performance liquid chromatography revealed the content of individual phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity tests relied on DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS. The antimicrobial and fungicidal activity was assessed by the disc-diffusion method. The Murashige-Skoog medium with 0.2 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine and 1 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid demonstrated a high growth index of callus crude biomass (11.6 ± 1.4). The same culture was rich in phenolic compounds (35.5 ± 1.2 mg-eq. gallic acid/g solids), hydroxycinnamic acids (82.5 ± 2.6 mg-eq. rosmarinic acid/g solids), tannins (49.6 ± 0.8 mg-eq. gallic acid/g solids), rosmarinic acid (20.25 ± 1.84 mg/g solids), and caffeic acid (1.48 ± 0.08 mg/g solids). Its extracts showed significant antioxidant activity according to DPPH (127.8 ± 5.6 mg-eq. ascorbic acid/g solids) and FRAP (15.9 ± 1.3 mg-eq. ascorbic acid/g solids). However, they had a rather weak antibacterial and fungicidal activity against Bacillus subtilis (7.2 ± 0.2 mm) and Candida albicans (7.0 ± 0.2 mm) at a concentration of 2 mg/disk. The antibacterial and fungicidal activity against Escherichia coli was equally weak at 1 mg/disk (7.0 ± 0.3 mm) and 2 mg/disk (7.3 ± 0.1 mm), respectively. The extracts of H. officinalis callus cultures and micro-plants in vitro produced the best yield of secondary metabolites compared to the native plant extract. Biotechnological methods proved effective in obtaining valuable compounds from cell cultures.

 Каллус фенольные соединения флавоноиды гидроксикоричные кислоты танины антиоксидантная активность антимикробная активность Callus phenolic compounds flavonoids hydroxycinnamic acids tannins antioxidant activity antimicrobial activity

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