<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Dairy industry</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Dairy industry</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Молочная промышленность</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1019-8946</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99760</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/1019-8946-2025-3-43</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Научная статья</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Research Article</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Научная статья</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Microbiological Effects of Garlic Powder and Oregano Oil on Thick Yogurt during Production and Storage</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Влияние чесночного порошка и масла орегано на микробиологические процессы при производстве и хранении густого йогурта</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Рашед</surname>
       <given-names>Валаа </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Rashed</surname>
       <given-names>Valaa </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>walaamrashed@gmail.com</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6158-9854</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Дунченко</surname>
       <given-names>Нина Ивановна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Dunchenko</surname>
       <given-names>Nina I.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>dunchenko.nina@yandex.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Селицкая</surname>
       <given-names>Ольга Валентиновна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Selickaya</surname>
       <given-names>Olga V.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>oselitskaya@rgau-msha.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К. А. Тимирязева</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К. А. Тимирязева</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА им. К. А. Тимирязева</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-16T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-16T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>16</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>37</fpage>
   <lpage>42</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-28T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>28</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-05-12T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>12</day>
     <month>05</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://moloprom.kemsu.ru/en/nauka/article/99760/view">https://moloprom.kemsu.ru/en/nauka/article/99760/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В статье представлены результаты исследований влияния чесночного порошка и масла орегано, используемых в качестве функциональных добавок, на титруемую кислотность и микробиологические показатели молочнокислого продукта. В ходе работы исследовано влияние данных компонентов на развитие заквасочных микроорганизмов в процессе производства йогурта и на микробиологические процессы во время его хранения. В работе использованы стандартные методы исследований, в том числе определение титруемой кислотности и количества жизнеспособных клеток заквасочных микроорганизмов в образцах йогурта в процессе сквашивания, а также микробиологических показателей в процессе хранения готового продукта при температуре 4 ± 2 °C. Установлено, что обогащение йогурта функциональными добавками в виде чесночного порошка в количестве 0,25, 0,50, 0,75, 1,00 % и масла орегано в концентрации 0,50, 1,00, 1,50, 2,00 % от объема заквашиваемого молока повышает срок годности c 15 до 20 суток хранения.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Garlic powder and oregano oil are popular functional additives in fermented dairy foods. However, they are known to affect the titratable acidity and microbiological parameters of the finished product. The article describes the effect of these two components on starter culture during yogurt fermentation and on various microbiological processes during its storage. Using standard research methods, the authors determined the titratable acidity and viable cell count of starter microorganisms in yogurt during fermentation, as well as measured a set of microbiological parameters during storage at 4 ± 2 °C. The yoghurt samples fortified with 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00% garlic powder and 0.50, 1.00, 1.50, and 2.00% oregano oil preserved their initial quality 15–20 beyond the standard storage time.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>густой йогурт</kwd>
    <kwd>чесночный порошок</kwd>
    <kwd>масло орегано</kwd>
    <kwd>функциональные добавки</kwd>
    <kwd>титруемая кислотность</kwd>
    <kwd>микробиологические показатели</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>thick yoghurt</kwd>
    <kwd>garlic powder</kwd>
    <kwd>oregano oil</kwd>
    <kwd>functional additives</kwd>
    <kwd>titratable acidity</kwd>
    <kwd>microbiological indicators</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зобкова, З. С. Цельномолочные продукты, обогащенные функциональными ингредиентами и пищевыми добавками / З. С. Зобкова // Молочная промышленность. 2007. № 10. С. 75. https://elibrary.ru/ibqrqv</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zobkova, Z. S. Cel'nomolochnye produkty, obogaschennye funkcional'nymi ingredientami i pischevymi dobavkami / Z. S. Zobkova // Molochnaya promyshlennost'. 2007. № 10. S. 75. https://elibrary.ru/ibqrqv</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Острецова, Н. Г. Обоснование срока годности йогурта на основе концентрата обезжиренного молока / Н. Г. Острецова, Л. С. Салыкина // Молочнохозяйственный вестник. 2021. № 1(41). С. 141–147. https://doi.org/10.52231/2225-4269_2021_1_141; https://elibrary.ru/unored</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ostrecova, N. G. Obosnovanie sroka godnosti yogurta na osnove koncentrata obezzhirennogo moloka / N. G. Ostrecova, L. S. Salykina // Molochnohozyaystvennyy vestnik. 2021. № 1(41). S. 141–147. https://doi.org/10.52231/2225-4269_2021_1_141; https://elibrary.ru/unored</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дунченко, Н. И. Разработка обогащенного густого йогурта / Н. И. Дунченко, В. Рашед, В. С. Янковская // Молочная промышленность. 2023. № 5. С. 86–88. https://doi.org/10.21603/1019-8946-2023-5-22; https://elibrary.ru/wipbvk</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dunchenko, N. I. Razrabotka obogaschennogo gustogo yogurta / N. I. Dunchenko, V. Rashed, V. S. Yankovskaya // Molochnaya promyshlennost'. 2023. № 5. S. 86–88. https://doi.org/10.21603/1019-8946-2023-5-22; https://elibrary.ru/wipbvk</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wajs, J. Shaping the physicochemical, functional, microbiological and sensory properties of yoghurts using plant additives / J. Wajs, A. Brodziak, J. Król // Foods. 2023. № 12(6). 1275. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12061275</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wajs, J. Shaping the physicochemical, functional, microbiological and sensory properties of yoghurts using plant additives / J. Wajs, A. Brodziak, J. Król // Foods. 2023. № 12(6). 1275. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12061275</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Günes Bayir, A. The effect of cinnamon on microbiological, chemical and sensory analyses of probiotic yogurt / A. Günes Bayir, M. G. Bilgin // Bezmialem Science. 2019. Vol. 7(4). P. 311–316. https://doi.org/10.14235/bas.galenos.2018.2628</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Günes Bayir, A. The effect of cinnamon on microbiological, chemical and sensory analyses of probiotic yogurt / A. Günes Bayir, M. G. Bilgin // Bezmialem Science. 2019. Vol. 7(4). P. 311–316. https://doi.org/10.14235/bas.galenos.2018.2628</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sarvari, F. Biochemical characteristics and viability of probiotic and yogurt bacteria in yogurt during the fermentation and refrigerated storage / F. Sarvari, A. M. Mortazavian, M. R. Fazeli // Applied Food Biotechnolog. 2014. Vol. 1(11). P. 55–61.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sarvari, F. Biochemical characteristics and viability of probiotic and yogurt bacteria in yogurt during the fermentation and refrigerated storage / F. Sarvari, A. M. Mortazavian, M. R. Fazeli // Applied Food Biotechnolog. 2014. Vol. 1(11). P. 55–61.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bordea, D. Study on the action of the aliin from garlic (Allium sativum L.) against plant pathogens / D. Bordea [et al.] // Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture. 2013. Vol. 70(2) P. 334–337. http://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:9751</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bordea, D. Study on the action of the aliin from garlic (Allium sativum L.) against plant pathogens / D. Bordea [et al.] // Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture. 2013. Vol. 70(2) P. 334–337. http://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:9751</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ourouadi, S. Garlic (Allium sativum): A source of multiple nutraceutical and functional components / S. Ourouadi [et al.] // Journal of Chemical, Biological and Physical Sciences. 2016. Vol. 7(1). P. 009–021.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ourouadi, S. Garlic (Allium sativum): A source of multiple nutraceutical and functional components / S. Ourouadi [et al.] // Journal of Chemical, Biological and Physical Sciences. 2016. Vol. 7(1). P. 009–021.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Espinoza, T. Garlic (Allium sativum L) and Its beneficial properties for health: A Review / T. Espinoza [et al.] // Agroindustrial Science. 2020. Vol. 10(1). P. 103–115. https://doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sci.2020.01.14</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Espinoza, T. Garlic (Allium sativum L) and Its beneficial properties for health: A Review / T. Espinoza [et al.] // Agroindustrial Science. 2020. Vol. 10(1). P. 103–115. https://doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sci.2020.01.14</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yoshimoto, N. Identification of a flavin-containing S-oxygenating monooxygenase involved in alliin biosynthesis in garlic / N. Yoshimoto [et al.] // The Plant Journal. 2015. Vol. 83(6). P. 941–951. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12954</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yoshimoto, N. Identification of a flavin-containing S-oxygenating monooxygenase involved in alliin biosynthesis in garlic / N. Yoshimoto [et al.] // The Plant Journal. 2015. Vol. 83(6). P. 941–951. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12954</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frankel, F. Health functionality of organosulfides: A review / F. Frankel [et al.] // International Journal of Food Properties. 2016. Vol. 19(3). P. 537–548. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2015.1034281</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frankel, F. Health functionality of organosulfides: A review / F. Frankel [et al.] // International Journal of Food Properties. 2016. Vol. 19(3). P. 537–548. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2015.1034281</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Polyakov, A. The elemental composition of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and its variability / A. Polyakov, T. Alekseeva, I. Muravieva // E3S Web of Conferences: 13th International Scientific and Practical Conference on State and Prospects for the Development of Agribusiness, INTERAGROMASH 2020. EDP Sciences, 2020. 01016. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017501016; https://elibrary.ru/dehuyc</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Polyakov, A. The elemental composition of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and its variability / A. Polyakov, T. Alekseeva, I. Muravieva // E3S Web of Conferences: 13th International Scientific and Practical Conference on State and Prospects for the Development of Agribusiness, INTERAGROMASH 2020. EDP Sciences, 2020. 01016. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017501016; https://elibrary.ru/dehuyc</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verma, T. Medicinal and therapeutic properties of garlic, garlic essential oil, and garlic-based snack food: An updated review / T. Verma [et al.] // Frontiers in nutrition. 2023. Vol. 10. 1120377. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1120377</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verma, T. Medicinal and therapeutic properties of garlic, garlic essential oil, and garlic-based snack food: An updated review / T. Verma [et al.] // Frontiers in nutrition. 2023. Vol. 10. 1120377. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1120377</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leyva-López, N. Essential oils of oregano: Biological activity beyond their antimicrobial properties / N. Leyva-López [et al.] // Molecules. 2017. Vol. 22(6). 989. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22060989</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leyva-López, N. Essential oils of oregano: Biological activity beyond their antimicrobial properties / N. Leyva-López [et al.] // Molecules. 2017. Vol. 22(6). 989. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22060989</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shahbazi, Y. Effects of Oregano Methanolic Extract on the Chemical, Microbial, and Sensory Properties of Yogurt / Y. Shahbazi, N. Shavisi // Journal of Nutrition, Fasting &amp; Health. 2019. Vol. 7(3). https://doi.org/10.22038/jnfh.2019.39732.1189</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shahbazi, Y. Effects of Oregano Methanolic Extract on the Chemical, Microbial, and Sensory Properties of Yogurt / Y. Shahbazi, N. Shavisi // Journal of Nutrition, Fasting &amp; Health. 2019. Vol. 7(3). https://doi.org/10.22038/jnfh.2019.39732.1189</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Delgado-Fernández, P. Effect of selected prebiotics on the growth of lactic acid bacteria and physicochemical properties of yoghurts / P. Delgado-Fernández [et al.] // International Dairy Journal. 2019. Vol. 89. P. 77–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2018.09.003</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Delgado-Fernández, P. Effect of selected prebiotics on the growth of lactic acid bacteria and physicochemical properties of yoghurts / P. Delgado-Fernández [et al.] // International Dairy Journal. 2019. Vol. 89. P. 77–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2018.09.003</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B17">
    <label>17.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rul, F. Yogurt microbiology, organoleptic propertiesand probiotic potential / F. Rul // Fermented Foods. 2017. P. 418–450.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rul, F. Yogurt microbiology, organoleptic propertiesand probiotic potential / F. Rul // Fermented Foods. 2017. P. 418–450.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B18">
    <label>18.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vargavisi, É. How to maintain the effective levels of probiotics throughout the shelf life in yoghurt: A review / É. Vargavisi, G. Pápai // Acta Agraria Kaposváriensis. 2015. Vol. 19(1). P. 65–74.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vargavisi, É. How to maintain the effective levels of probiotics throughout the shelf life in yoghurt: A review / É. Vargavisi, G. Pápai // Acta Agraria Kaposváriensis. 2015. Vol. 19(1). P. 65–74.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B19">
    <label>19.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Поляков, А. В. Чеснок (Allium Sativum L.) как источник эссенциальных элементов / А. В. Поляков, Т. В. Алексеева, С. В. Логинов // Вестник Московского государственного областного университета. Серия: Естественные науки. 2018. № 4. С. 107–114.https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-7189-2018-4-107-114; https://elibrary.ru/ytsdad</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Polyakov, A. V. Chesnok (Allium Sativum L.) kak istochnik essencial'nyh elementov / A. V. Polyakov, T. V. Alekseeva, S. V. Loginov // Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta. Seriya: Estestvennye nauki. 2018. № 4. S. 107–114.https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-7189-2018-4-107-114; https://elibrary.ru/ytsdad</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
