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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Food Processing: Techniques and Technology</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Food Processing: Techniques and Technology</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Техника и технология пищевых производств</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2074-9414</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2313-1748</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">84663</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21603/2074-9414-2024-2-2506</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Effect of Thermal Treatment and Pasteurization on Milk Powder Quality</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Влияние термизации и пастеризации на качество сухого молока</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3229-8550</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Алкадур</surname>
       <given-names>Мохаммед Ибрахим </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Alkadour</surname>
       <given-names>Mohammed Ibrahim </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>m_alkadur@vnimi.org</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1304-1517</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Пряничникова</surname>
       <given-names>Наталья Сергеевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Pryanichnikova</surname>
       <given-names>Nataliya S.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>pryanichnikova@vnimi.org</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3369-5673</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Юрова</surname>
       <given-names>Елена Анатольевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Yurova</surname>
       <given-names>Elena A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>e_yurova@vnimi.org</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9879-482X</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Петров</surname>
       <given-names>Андрей Николаевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Petrov</surname>
       <given-names>Andrey N.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт молочной промышленности</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific Dairy Research Institute</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт молочной промышленности</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific Dairy Research Institute</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт молочной промышленности</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific Dairy Research Institute</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт молочной промышленности</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Dairy Industry</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-07-03T10:17:39+03:00">
    <day>03</day>
    <month>07</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-07-03T10:17:39+03:00">
    <day>03</day>
    <month>07</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>54</volume>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>275</fpage>
   <lpage>284</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-02-05T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>05</day>
     <month>02</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-03-05T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>05</day>
     <month>03</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://fptt.ru/en/issues/22705/22658/">https://fptt.ru/en/issues/22705/22658/</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Сухое молоко является продуктом массового производства и потребления. Широкое применение сухого молока обуславливает многообразие требований к его качеству и технологии производства. Совершенствование технологии производства сухого обезжиренного молока – это актуальная и стратегически важная задача не только для России, но и для всего мира. Важность этого направления обусловлена дефицитом сухого обезжиренного молока низкотемпературного класса обработки, которое поставляется из-за рубежа (сухое молоко категории low-heat). Цель исследования – изучение влияния режима термизации и пастеризации на белковый профиль и микробиологические показатели сухого обезжиренного молока, а также установление параметров термического воздействия, которые обеспечивают получение сухого обезжиренного молока низкотемпературного класса термообработки. &#13;
Объектами исследования являлись сырое молоко, обезжиренное молоко, выработанное при разных режимах термической обработки, и сухое обезжиренное молоко, выработанное из этого молока. Исследовали белковый профиль и микробиологические и физико-химические показатели стандартизованными методами анализа.&#13;
В ходе исследования установили класс термической обработки сухого обезжиренного молока, выработанного при различных режимах пастеризации, и определили его биохимические и микробиологические показатели. Анализ данных показал, что сочетание режимов термизации молока (60 ± 2 °С в течение 10 с, охлаждение до 10 °С и выдержка в течение 10 ч) и низкотемпературной пастеризации (72 ± 2 °С с выдержкой 15 с) позволяет получить сухое обезжиренное молоко низкотемпературного класса, что соответствует требованиям ТР ТС 033/2013 и ГОСТ 33629-2015. &#13;
Исследовали одно из приоритетных направлений, связанное с повышением качества сухого обезжиренного молока, за счет снижения термической нагрузки при условии сохранения микробиологической безопасности готового продукта. Результаты сравнительного исследования говорят о том, что показатель термообработки позволяет установить оптимальный режим термизации и пастеризации молока, который, с одной стороны, обеспечивает необходимый класс термообработки (низкотемпературный), позволяющий сохранить белок в нативном состоянии, а с другой – гарантирует микробиологическую безопасность сухого обезжиренного молока. Выполнение этих условий позволило получить сухое молоко, по качеству относящееся к категории low-heat, т. е. низкому классу термической обработки, обеспечить высокие показатели готового продукта и придать ему дополнительные функциональные и потребительские свойства.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Milk powder is a commercial product of mass consumption. Its popularity means a variety of quality and production requirements. New methods of skimmed milk powder production are strategically important for the food industry in Russia and worldwide. Russia is currently experiencing a shortage of low-heat milk powder import. The research featured the effect of thermal treatment and pasteurization mode on the protein profile and microbiological parameters of skimmed milk powder. The research objective was to establish the thermal variables for low-heat milk powder.&#13;
The study involved raw milk, skimmed milk produced under different heat treatment conditions, and skimmed milk powder obtained from this milk. The authors used standard analytical methods to define the protein profile, as well as the microbiological and physicochemical parameters.&#13;
A set of experiments made it possible to classify the heat treatment of skimmed milk powder produced under various milk pasteurization modes, as well as to establish its biochemical and microbiological parameters. The optimal mode for low-heat milk powder was a combination of thermal treatment (60 ± 2°C for 10 s followed by cooling to 10°C for 10 h) and low-temperature pasteurization (72 ± 2°C for 15 s). The powder obtained met the Technical Regulations of Customs Union TR CU 033/2013 and State Standard 33629-2015.&#13;
A lower thermal load maintains the microbiological safety of milk powder while preserving its quality. In this study, the optimal thermal treatment and pasteurization mode yielded milk powder of low-heat category, thus preserving the native protein and microbiological safety. As a result, the low-heat milk powder acquired some high-quality functional and consumer properties.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>Обезжиренное молоко</kwd>
    <kwd>сухое молоко</kwd>
    <kwd>сухое обезжиренное молоко</kwd>
    <kwd>термизация</kwd>
    <kwd>пастеризация</kwd>
    <kwd>белковый профиль</kwd>
    <kwd>сывороточные белки</kwd>
    <kwd>микробиологические показатели</kwd>
    <kwd>термообработка</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>Skimmed milk</kwd>
    <kwd>milk powder</kwd>
    <kwd>skimmed milk powder</kwd>
    <kwd>thermal treatment</kwd>
    <kwd>pasteurization</kwd>
    <kwd>protein profile</kwd>
    <kwd>whey proteins</kwd>
    <kwd>microbiological indicators</kwd>
    <kwd>heat treatment</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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  <p></p>
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