THE ELEMENTAL PROFILE OF CIDERS MADE FROM DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF APPLES
Abstract and keywords
Abstract (English):
Macro- and microelements are vital components of the nutrient profile of apples and apple juice. Although the mineral composition of apple juices has been well studied, there is a lack of research into the elemental profile of ciders. We aimed to determine the concentrations of macro- and microelements in various samples of ciders. We studied 25 experimental ciders from apple juice of direct extraction (fresh must) and 4 commercial ciders purchased from a retailer in Krasnodar. Mass concentrations of metal cations were determined by high-performance capillary electrophoresis, atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization, and atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. The concentrations of macroelements in the ciders from fresh must depending on the variety varied significantly in the following ranges (mg/L): 696–1920 for potassium; 6.7–26.8 for sodium; 4.3–35.5 for calcium; and 10.2–36.8 for magnesium. The commercial ciders had significantly lower concentrations of macroelements. The content of iron ranged from 0.86 to 2.26 mg/L. Among microelements, copper cations were detected in the range from 31.0 to 375 μg/L. The concentrations of toxic elements did not exceed the maximum permissible values in any of the samples, including the commercial ones. Finally, ranges of variation were established in the concentrations of macro- and microelements depending on the varietal characteristics of apples. The pomological varieties of apples used in the study were grown under the same agrotechnical conditions. Therefore, the differences revealed in the elemental profile of the ciders were assumingly due to the genetic characteristics of the respective variety.

Keywords:
Apple varieties, microelements, macroelements, concentration ranges, cider
Text
Publication text (PDF): Read Download
References

1. Tschida A, Stadlbauer V, Schwarzinger B, Maier M, Pitsch J, Stübl F, et al. Nutrients, bioactivompounds, and minerals in the juices of 16 varieties of apple (Malus domestica) harvested in Austria: A four-year study investigating putative correlations with weather conditions during ripening. Food Chemistry. 2021;338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128065

2. Ivanova NN, khomich LM, Perova IB. Apple juice nutritional profile. Problems of Nutrition. 2017;86(4):125-136. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.24411/0042-8833-2017-00068

3. Gusakova GS, Suprun NP, Rachenko MA, Chesnokova AN, Chuparina EV, Nemchinova AI, et al. STUDY OF the biochemical composition of fruits of the Southern Baikal apple tree and its wine products fermented on wood chips. Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology. 2019;9(4):722-736. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2019-9-4-722-736

4. Samoylov AV, Suraeva NM, Zaytseva MV, Petrov AN. Bioassay of oxidative properties and toxic side effects of apple juice. Foods and Raw Materials. 2022;10(1):176-184. https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2022-1-176-184

5. Motalab M, Mumtaz B, Mohajan S, Saha BK, Jahan S. Heavy metals, trace elements, minerals and ascorbic acid content of occasionally consumed eight indigenous fruits in Bangladesh. Food Research. 2022;6(5):403-411.

6. Prundeanu I-M, Chelariu C, Balaban S-I, Iancu O-G. Distribution and behaviour of some trace elements as a function of apple varieties in Northeastern Romania. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072607

7. Shirshova AA, Ageyeva NM, Prakh AV, Shelud'ko ON. Influence of apple variety the concentration of amino acids in fresh and fermented apple juices and the concentration of aromatic forming components of ciders. Fruit Growing and Viticulture of South Russia. 2020;66(6):369-381. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2020-6-66-369-381

8. Lahaye M, Thoulouze L, Calatraba M, Gauclain T, Falourd X, Le-Quere J-M, et al. A multimodal and multiscale investigation of factors affecting the juice yield of cider apples. Food Chemistry. 2023;420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135649

9. Bedriñana RP, Lobo AP, Madrera RR, Valles BS. Characteristics of ice juices and ciders made by cryo-extraction with different cider apple varieties and yeast strains. Food Chemistry. 2020;310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125831

10. Qin Z, Petersen MA, Bredie WLP. Flavor profiling of apple ciders from the UK and Scandinavian region. Food Research International. 2018;105:713-723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.12.003

11. Shirshova AA, Ageyeva NM, Ulyanovskaya EV, Chernutskaya EA. Transformation of apple composition during cider production. Food Processing: Techniques and Technology. 2023;53(1):159-167. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2023-1-2423

12. Ostrom MR, Conner DS, Tambet H, Smith KS, Sirrine JR, Howard PH, et al. Apple grower research and extension needs for craft cider. HortTechnology. 2022;32(2):147-157. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH04827-21

13. Calugar PC, Coldea TE, Salanță LC, Pop CR, Pasqualone A, Burja-Udrea C, et al. An overview of the factors influencing apple cider sensory and microbial quality from raw materials to emerging processing technologies. Processes. 2021;9(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9030502

14. Alberti A, Machado dos Santos TP, Zielinski AAF, dos Santos CME, Braga CM, Demiate IM, et al. Impact on chemical profile in apple juice and cider made from unripe, ripe and senescent dessert varieties. LWT - Food Science and Technology. 2016;65:436-443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2015.08.045

15. Vidot K, Rivard C, van Vooren G, Sire R, Lahaye M. Metallic ions distribution in texture and phenolic content contrasted cider apples. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 2020;160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2019.111046

16. Kosseva MR. Chemical engineering aspects of fruit wine production. In: Kosseva MR, Joshi VK, Panesar PS, editors. Science and technology of fruit wine production. Academic Press; 2017. pp. 253-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800850-8.00006-5

17. Squadrone S, Brizio P, Stella C, Mantia M, Pederiva S, Giordanengo G, et al. Distribution and bioaccumulation of trace elements and lanthanides in apples from Northwestern Italy. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. 2020;62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126646

18. Sousa A, Vareda J, Pereira R, Silva C, Câmara JS, Perestrelo R. Geographical differentiation of apple ciders based on volatile fingerprint. Food Research International. 2020;137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109550

19. Shiryaeva OYu, Shiryaeva MM. Changes in the content of essential elements in plants of different varieties. Izvestia Orenburg State Agrarian University. 2021;90(4):93-99. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37670/2073-0853-2021-90-4-93-99

20. Shabbir R, Javed T, Hussain S, Ahmar S, Naz M, Zafar H, et al. Calcium homeostasis and potential roles in combatting environmental stresses in plants. South African Journal of Botany. 2022;148:683-693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2022.05.038

21. Tato L, Lattanzio V, Ercole E, Dell’Orto M, Sorgonà A, Linsalata V, et al. Plasticity, exudation and microbiomeassociation of the root system of Pellitory-of-the-wall plants grown in environments impaired in iron availability. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2021;168:27–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.09.040

22. Zhuikov DV. Sulphur and trace elements in agrocenoses (review). Achievements of Science and Technology in Agro-Industrial Complex. 2020;34(11):32-42. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.24411/0235-2451-2020-11105

23. Meng Y, Wang Y, Ye Z, Wang N, He C, Zhu Y, et al. Three-dimension titanium phosphate aerogel for selective removal of radioactive strontium(II) from contaminated waters. Journal of Environmental Management. 2023;325(B). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116424

24. Mitra S, Chakraborty AJ, Tareq AM, Emran TB, Nainu F, Khusro A, et al. Impact of heavy metals on the environment and human health: Novel therapeutic insights to counter the toxicity Journal of King Saud University - Science. 2022;34(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2022.101865

25. Selyukova SV. Heavy metals in agrocenoses. Achievements of Science and Technology in Agro-Industrial Complex. 2020;34(8):85-93. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.24411/0235-2451-2020-10815

26. Rahman SU, Nawaz MF, Gul S, Yasin G, Hussain B, Li Y, et al. State-of-the-art OMICS strategies against toxic effects of heavy metals in plants: A review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2022;242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113952

27. García-Ruiz S, Moldovan M, Fortunato G, Wunderli S, García Alonso JI. Evaluation of strontium isotope abundance ratios in combination with multi-elemental analysis as a possible tool to study the geographical origin of ciders. Analytica Chimica Acta. 2007;590(1):55-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2007.03.016


Login or Create
* Forgot password?